Question: Why does ice float on water, while most other solids sink in their liquid form?
- Ice is less dense than water.
- Ice molecules are arranged in a more open structure than water molecules.
- The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are stronger than the hydrogen bonds between ice molecules.
- All of the above
Answer: (D) All of the above
Why Ice Floats on Water Solution:
Water is a unique substance in that its solid form, ice, is less dense than its liquid form. However, when water freezes into ice, the molecules arrange themselves in a more open, lattice-like structure. This open structure allows the ice molecules to be further apart, resulting in a lower density.
- The open structure of ice is also responsible for its ability to float on water. The buoyant force exerted on the object is equal to the weight of the liquid that it displaces. If the object is denser than the liquid, the buoyant force is not enough to support the object’s weight, and it will sink. However, if the object is less dense than the liquid, the buoyant force is greater than the object’s weight, and it will float.
- In addition to its lower density, ice also has weaker hydrogen bonds between its molecules than water does. Hydrogen bonds are weak electrostatic attractions between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one molecule and the partially negative oxygen atom of another molecule. This difference in hydrogen bond strength also contributes to the difference in density between ice and water.
Why Ice Floats on Water? The reason why ice floats on water is due to a combination of its lower density, its open molecular structure, and its weaker hydrogen bonds.
Where Are Proteins Synthesised Inside the Cell?
Proteins are synthesized inside the cell primarily in the ribosomes, which can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ribosomes read messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences, translating them into amino acid chains to form proteins. This process occurs in two main stages: transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is converted into mRNA in the nucleus. Once the mRNA reaches the ribosome, translation begins, and tRNA molecules bring the appropriate amino acids to build the protein. Thus, ribosomes are crucial cellular structures for protein synthesis, facilitating essential biological functions.
